Important words

Important words

1)Hitherto (adverb)(अब तक): Hether-to

Meaning - until now or until the point in time under discussion.

Synonyms - previously, formerly, earlier, so far, thus far, before

Antonyms - afterwards, later, subsequently hereupon, thereupon

Example - Before John learned to fly an aeroplane, he had hitherto been afraid of heights.

2)Dovish (adverb)(शांतिपूर्ण): do-vis

Meaning - supporting discussion or other peaceful solutions in political relationships rather than the use of force

Synonyms - peaceful, diplomatic, accommodating.

Antonyms -agitated, turbulent, disturbed

Example - Since becoming president in 1993 he has encouraged dovish leaders to move on the path to peace.

3)Incipient (adjective) (उत्पन्न होनेवाला) : in-sip-ent

Meaning - just beginning to appear or develop

Synonyms - initial, developing, growing.

Antonyms -conclusion,end,finish

Example - The best way to stop the disease from spreading is by identifying it while it is incipient.

4)Exemplify (verb) (उदाहरण देना) : exem-pli-fie

Meaning - to show or illustrate by example

Synonyms - illustrate, demonstrate, instance.

Antonyms - becloud, blur, cloud, darken, fog

Example - The citizenship trophies are presented to exemplify the best examples of good citizenship among the student body.

5)Stand pat (noun) (अटल होना) : stand-pat

Meaning - stick stubbornly to one's opinion or decision.

Synonyms - holdout, resist, stay put, rigid, unyielding

Antonyms -facile,flexible,pliable

Example -Head coach Tom Higgins is standing pat on his team and will go with the same 40 men he used last week.

6)Upshot (noun) – (परिणाम) : up-shot

Meaning -the final or eventual outcome or conclusion of a discussion, action, or series of events.

Synonyms - result, consequence, outcome, out-turn, effect, reaction

Antonyms - cause, origin, initial

Example - The upshot of the meeting was that he was elected chief economic officer of the company.

7)Hover (verb) (मंडराना) : ho-var

Meaning - to remain near a place or individual

Synonyms - drift, flicker, waver, poise, linger

Antonyms -settle,rest

Example - Because I was sick a lot when I was a child, my mother would always hover over me.

8)Loom (adjective) (असन्तुष्ट) : loom-ing

Meaning - (of an event regarded as threatening) seem about to happen/

appearing as a visible thread

Synonyms - threaten,menace

,impend,emerge

Antonyms -defend,assist,protect

Example -There is a financial crisis looming in China.

9)Vigilance (noun) (जागरूकता) : vigi-lance

Meaning - the state of keeping a careful watch for danger

Synonyms - watchfulness, careful observation, surveillance, attentiveness, attention, alertness

Antonyms - inattentiveness

,ignore,neglect

Example - Lack of vigilance caused the Titanic to crash into an iceberg that no one saw coming.

Phrases/Phrasal Verbs in the Article -

10)Keep something/someone in check (phrase) (नियंत्रित करना) :

Meaning -to control someone or something that might cause damage or harm to keep under control; curb/restrain, hold back.

Synonyms - curb,restrain,hold back,check

Antonyms - release,encourage

Example - You know, bats are actually good to have around because they keep the mosquitos in check.

11)In something’s/someone's shadow (phrase) (कम ध्यान प्राप्त करना) :

Meaning -Given less attention or thought of as less notable, important, or successful compared to someone else.

Example - He's been struggling to get out from under his father's shadow during his political career.

12)Head off (phrasal verb) (रोकना) : head-of

Meaning - to prevent something from taking place

Synonyms - avoid, put an end to, stop, divert

Antonyms -allow, permit, promote

Example - The police acted quickly and managed to head off a violent confrontation.

13)Lay out (phrasal verb) (रूपरेखा) : lay-aaut

Meaning -to arrange something according to a detailed plan/to spread something out, or to arrange things so you can see them easily

Synonyms - outline, draw up, formulate.

Antonyms - disorganize